Rock drill



2 SHEETS-SHEET 1 INVENTOR. JOHN J. JANOSKO ATTX J- J. JANOSKO April 7, 1953 ROCK DRILL Filed 001.. 12, 1948 April l953 J. J. JANOSKO 2,634,103

ROCK DRILL Filed Oct. 12, 1948 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 IN V EN TOR. JOHN J. J14N05/10 Patented Apr. 7, 1953 ROCK. DRILL John J. .lanosko, Anaconda, Mont.; Mary R.

.lanosko, administratrix of said John J.

J anosko, deceased, assignor to Mary R. J anosko,

Anaconda, Mont.

Application October 12, 1948, Serial No. 54,070

. 1 Claim. 1 This invention relates to drills and more particularly to an improved bit for a rock drill, it being one object of the invention to provide a bit which may be applied to a drill rod and securely held in engagement therewith until it has become dull, the bit being then removed and another bit applied easily and very quickly.

Another object of the invention is to so form the bit and the front end of the rod that it is merely necessary to thrust the rear end of the bit into the front end of the rod and then subject the bit to blows which will cause the inserted portion of the bit to be upset and thus interlocked with the rod.

Another object of the invention is to so form the bit and the front end of the rod that the bit may be easily detached from the rod when a new bit is necessary but prevent it from aoci dentally becoming detached during use of the drill.

Another object of the invention is to provide a bit Which is of such construction that it may be manufactured at low cost and thus make it cheaper to remove and discard a dull bit than to sharpen a bit such as now used.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig. 1 is a view looking at the front end of a bit of the improved construction.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the bit.

Fig. 3 is a view looking at the front end of the rod with which the bit shown in Figures 1 and 2 is used.

Fig. 4 is a side view of the rod.

Fig. 5 is a front view of a modified form of bit.

Fig. 6 is a side View of the bit shown in Fig" ure 5.

Fig. 7 is a view lookin at the front end of a rod with which the bit shown in Figures 5 and 6 is used. a

Fig. 8 is a side view of the rod shown in Figure '7.

Fig. 9 is a front View of another modified form of bit.

Fig. 10 is a side view of the bit shown in Figure 9.

Fig. 11 is a view looking at the front end of the rod with which the bit shown in Figures 9 and 10 is used. 7

Fig. 12 is a side view of the rod shown in Figure 11. I

Fig. 13 isa front view of another modified form of bit.

Fig. 14 is a side view of the bit shown in Figure 13. v

Fig. 15 is a view looking at the front end of a rod with which the bit shown in Figures 13 and 14. is used.

Fig. 16 is a side view of the rod shown in Figure 15.

Fig. 1'? is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line Il'--l'| of Figure 9 and showing the bit thrust into the front end of its companion rod.

Fig. 18 is a view similar to Figure 17 showing the bit driven into place and interlocked with its rod.

The improved bit I shown in Figures 1 and 2 is formed of steel, or other suitable, metal, and may be of any diameter desired. This bit has its front face formed with grooves 2 leading from a water passage 3 formed through the bit longitudinally thereof and between the grooves 2 are formed teeth 4 of a conventional shape. The bit is quite short, as may be seen from an inspection of Figure 2, and across its rear end face are formed ribs 5 which extend radially of the bit and have their lower or rear edge faces formed with radially extending rooves 6. The grooves B which are -shaped in cross section extend the full width of the ribs 5 and since their side walls intersect side faces of the ribs each rib is formed along side edges of its groove with thin edge portions 1 which will be flared outwardly or laterally of the ribs when blows are delivered to the outer or front end of the bit.

This bit is applied to a rod 8 shown in Figures 3 and i which may be of any desired length and is of such diameter that it is somewhat less than the diameter of the bit. A water passage 5 is formed longitudinally through the rod centrally thereof for registering with the water passage 3 of the bit and the front end face of the rod is formed with recesses or channels I!) which extend radially of the water passage and of such width that the ribs 5 of the bit fit snugly into the channels orgrooves'when the bit is applied to the companion rod. In the present illustration the rod is formed with four channels or grooves arranged in pairs which are in alignment with each other and in crossed relation to the other pair of channels, the ribs of the bit being of corresponding number and disposition for reception in the channels and therefore the channels and the ribs may be referred to as ex tending diametrically of the rod and the bit if so desired. It will be understood that any desired number of ribs and channels may be provided instead of the specific number shown. The

depth of the grooves or channels is slightly less than the depth of the ribs and along inner edges of side walls of the grooves are formed channels or seats II. It should also be noted that along their outer edges the side walls of the grooves It are bevelled, thus providing the grooves with flared entrances and allowing the ribs to be easily thrust into the grooves. When the bit is applied to the rod the ribs are set downwardly into the grooves Ill and the thin edge portions 1 of the ribs rest against the bottoms of the grooves. Blows may then be delivered to the outer or front end of the bit by striking the bit against a rocky mine tunnel or the like. This will cause the bit to be driven rearwardly and as the edges 1 having abutting engagement with the bottoms of the grooves Ii! they will be deflected outwardly as the bit is driven into close contacting engagement with the end face of the rod and into the grooves or seats H where they will serve to prevent dislodgement of the ribs from the grooves during use of the drill. Therefore the bit can not accidentally become detached from the rod 8. When the teeth of the bit become dull from use it is merely necessary to strike the bit by blows delivered against its side portions and the bit will be knocked loose. The dull bit is then discarded and a new one applied.

The bit I2 shown in Figures 5 and 6 has ribs 13 which are of rectangular cross section but are shorter than the rib 5 and extend radially from a neck 14. The neck which is circular in cross section is located centrally of the bit and is of such length that it projects beyond the rear edge faces of the ribs. The bore or water passage I5 extends through the neck centrally thereof and its rear or inner end portion is counterbored to form an annular bevelled surface It at the rear end of the neck which extends to the periphery of the neck and forms the neck with a marginal portion which is tapered to a very narrow circumferentially extending edge l'l. This bit is applied to the rod I8 shown in Figures 7 and 8. The rod is formed with a longitudinally extending bore or water passage H! which at its front end opens into a socket 211. The socket 20 is circular in cross section and from this socket extend grooves 2| for receivin the ribs I3 of the bit l2. The socket is of greater depth than the grooves but of slightly less depth than the neck 14 and about its bottom its walls are undercut to form a recess or annular seat 22 into which the marginal edge portion of the neck is forced and thus secure the bit to the rod when the bit is applied to the rod and blows applied to the outer or front end of the bit. When blows are struck against side portions of the bit, the bit may be easily detached from the rod but the bit will not accidentally work loose from the rod.

The bit 23 shown in Figures 9 and is similar to the one illustrated in Figures 7 and 8 and has a neck 24 corresponding to the neck i l and ribs 25 corresponding to the ribs l3 but in this embodiment of the invention the bit is formed with only two ribs instead of four. which the bit 23 is applied is formed with a socket 21 to receive the neck or shank 24 and with a groove or annular seat 28 about its bottom to receive the narrow marginal edge 29 of the neck when the bit is applied to the rod and driven into place. There have also been provided grooves 33 into which the ribs 25 fit and since the bit is provided with only two ribs a corresponding number of grooves are formed in the rod. When the bit is thrust into engagement with the rod withits neck fitted into the socket of the rod the The rod 26 to ribs 25 are spaced from bottoms of the grooves, as shown in Figure 17, but when blows are struck against the front end of the bit will force the bit rearwardly until its ribs rest upon bottoms of the grooves and the marginal edge 29 of the neck is engaged in the annular recess 28. The outer or front end portion of the socket 21 is flared, as shown in Figures 12 and 17 so that the neck may be easily fitted into the socket and walls of the grooves 30 are bevelled along their outer edges so that the ribs 25 may be easily fitted into these grooves.

Instead of forming the bit with ribs which are rectangular in cross section and the rod with grooves of rectangular cross section the bit may be formed as shown in Figures 13 and 14 and the rod as shown in Figures 15 and 16. Referring to Figures 13 and 14 it will be seen that the bit 3| is formed with a neck or shank 32 corresponding to the neck 24 and with a pair of ribs 33 corresponding to the ribs 25. These ribs are tapered transversely in cross section, as shown in Figure 14 instead of being rectangular in cross section, as shown in Figure 10, and when the neck 32 is thrust into the circular socket 3 1 of the rod 35 the ribs 33 fit into grooves 33 which are substantially V-shaped in cross section, as shown in Figure 16.

In each embodiment of the invention illus trated the bit is thrust into interfitting engagement with the front end of the companion rod and blows then delivered upon the front end of the bit so that portions of the bit are upset and engage in seats formed in the rod to hold the bit in interlocked engagement with the rod until the bit is intentionally dislodged from the rod by striking blows against side portions of the bit.

Figure 17 shows the bit of Figures 9 and 10 applied to the rod illustrated in Figures 11 and 12 with the lower end of the neck or pilot 24 resting on the bottom of the socket 2?. The tongues 25 have entered the grooves 30 and since the neck is of greater length than the depth of the socket, spaces are left between the shoulder 23' of the bit and the confronting end face of the rod. There are spaces of equal depth between the lower faces of the ribs 25 and bottoms of the grooves 30. The bit is inserted by hand to the position shown in Figure 17 and the operator now grasps the rod and strikes the bit against a rock, or the like, and this forces the bit inwardly towards the rod towards the position shown in Figure 18 and the marginal edge of the neck about its concaved end will be upset and engaged in the groove or recess 23 to lock the bit to the rod. Final deformation of the lower end of the neck takes place during use of the bit.

The bit may be removed by striking blows transversely against side portions of the bit or by use of a knock-out weight.

If the first method is used the bit will be struck a radial blow against its side near its front end in the types of bits shown in Figures 1, 5, and 9 and at a tangent, either right or left, in the type of bit shown in Figure 13. When the type of bit shown in Figures 1, 5, and 9 is struck radially it is tilted and loosened from the rod so that it may be entirely removed and replaced with a new bit. When the type of bit shown in Figure 13 is struck at a tangent rotary motion is imparted to it and during this turning movement of the bit relative to the rod the sloping surfaces of the tongues 33 and grooves 32 exert a cam action which will shift the bit forwardly and dislodge s the upset edge portion of its neck from the groove formed about the bottom of the socket into which the neck fits.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is:

A drill rod and a detachable bit for the rod, said rod having its front end face formed with a centrally located concentric socket circular in cross section and with grooves extending from the socket radially thereof the full distance from the socket to the peripheral edge of the said front end face, the grooves being open along their front sides and at their outer ends, said socket having its walls slightly undercut about its bottomand thereby forming a narrow annular seat surrounding the inner end of the socket, said bit having a head formed with teeth and beingprovided with a rearwardly extending centrally located neck circular in cross section and fitting snugly into the socket, the bit having its rear end face provided with ribs extending aligned from the neck radially thereof and snugly fitting into the grooves, the bit and the rod being formed with longitudinally extending bores disposed axially thereof and in alignment with each other, said neck being of an even diameter throughout its length and being initially of greater length than the depth of the socket and having its rear end face concaved in surrounding relation to the :bore of the bit and JOHN 'JANosKo.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent: 1

UNITED STATES PATENT Number Name Date 1,088,154 Keller Feb. 24, 1914 1,380,554 Hawkesworth June 7, 1921 1,511,466 Hawkesworth Oct. 14, 1924 1,984,220 Lang Dec. 11, 1934 2,051,306 Liddiooat Aug. 18, 1936 2,208,985 Janosko July 23, 1940 2,374,270 Brock Apr. 24, 1945 2,460,673 Berscheid Feb. 1, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 474,295 Great Britain Oct. 28, 1937 

